The dilemma of small and medium-sized enterprises in Lishui
On one hand, financing is in a dilemma, and on the other hand, costs of labor, raw materials, and other factors are rising; On one hand, it is difficult for enterprises to recruit workers, and on the other hand, it is impossible to build factories without land. Small and medium-sized enterprises are under multilateral pressure, like sandwich layers——
The dilemma of small and medium-sized enterprises in Lishui
——Investigation on the Survival and Development of Small and Medium sized Enterprises in Lishui (Part 1)
Our reporter Ding Xiaowei and Ye Haobo
Small and medium-sized enterprises are a barometer of economic changes in Lishui. For many years, the private economy in Lishui has been at the forefront of the wave of Chinese enterprises. In Lishui, Zhejiang, where the "puppy economy" is the main focus, small and medium-sized enterprises have flourished like fish in water. However, since the beginning of this year, this economic model, which is regarded as a typical landscape of China's economy nationwide, has encountered multiple crises: difficult recruitment, rising costs, difficult loans, power shortages, land constraints, talent shortages... Various crises have troubled entrepreneurs, and various constraints have hindered the development of enterprises. Many enterprises have even fallen into business crises after increasing investment and expanding production.
In recent times, our reporter has conducted extensive investigations and interviews in small and medium-sized enterprises in Lishui, visiting workshops and factories, chatting with workers, discussing crises with entrepreneurs, and understanding the challenges and opportunities of Lishui enterprises. Starting today, our Economic Weekly will launch a series of reports on the survival and development of small and medium-sized enterprises in Lishui.
The tide of small and medium-sized enterprises has ebbed and flowed, and the government has taken advantage of the situation to provide support through various financial, tax, and financial plans.
Since mid October when the State Council issued nine major fiscal, tax, and financial policies (also known as the "National Nine Articles") to support small and micro enterprises, the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation issued revised "Implementation Rules for the Provisional Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Value Added Tax" and "Implementation Rules for the Provisional Regulations of the People's Republic of China on State Business Tax" on October 31, aiming to increase the threshold of value-added tax and business tax, with the aim of reducing the turnover tax burden on small and micro enterprises, We will continue to awesome to the development of small and medium-sized enterprises.
However, most of the small and medium-sized enterprises in our city are labor-intensive enterprises. In the complex economic situation at home and abroad, they continue to face survival challenges. How difficult is it for small and medium-sized enterprises in Lishui?
Recently, Shao Dongming, the deputy mayor in charge of industry in Huzhen Town, Jinyun County, was busy researching industry. He summarized five difficulties for enterprises: firstly, the external environment changed greatly in the first and second half of this year, and the demand for foreign trade decreased significantly. Taking Huzhen's main mechanical products as an example, from zero inventory in the first half of the year to inventory of three or four months of goods in the second half of the year; Secondly, funds are tight, and small businesses generally lack collateral. Banks only recognize collateral and do not lend easily; Once again, there is a shortage of labor, with a shortage of around 3000 to 5000 people in the entire town of Huzhen. Many new factories have just started production but cannot recruit workers; Next comes the shortage of electricity, and finally the land constraints. The problem in Huzhen is universal, and similar problems also exist in small and medium-sized enterprises in other parts of our city.
Floods should be treated with appropriate drainage rather than blockage, and medication should be used to regulate the body rather than forcefully. The same principle applies to the governance of small and medium-sized enterprises in Lishui.
Land has become a weakness for enterprise development
Entering the factory of Zhejiang Ouyi Bearing Manufacturing Co., Ltd. is a testament to the space conservation. On an iron frame of only about seven or eight square meters, there are ten types of raw steel bars for bearings arranged in an orderly manner. The ground is filled with finished bearing products, and the workers face the raw materials and machines. Turning around is the finished product. Apart from the manual space during processing, there is basically no room for turning around.
When Wang Huawen, the general manager of Ouyi Company, led clients of Taiwan's Shangyin Group to visit the factory, it was always awkward: "Take a look at our factory. More than 80 workers are crowded in a 5-acre factory, and even the toilets are used to stack raw materials! However, although our factory is small, our brand reputation is great, and the product quality is even first-class in the entire industry. The ultra long bearings that others cannot make are our technical strengths
Wang Huawen is not "selling melons and boasting". 2010 was the most successful year for Ouyi Bearing, as he transformed a small enterprise with an annual output value of 3.18 million yuan, which was founded in 2006, into a medium-sized enterprise with an annual sales volume of around 40 million yuan, and self operated exports to 37 countries and regions. In 2011, the sales team of the enterprise achieved another good performance, achieving sales of 3.27 million yuan in September alone, which is more than the output value of the entire year in 2006. In terms of brand building, Ouyi has erected two anti-aircraft billboards on the highway in Shanghai, and another one in Hangzhou, with increasing popularity; In terms of funding, the company has basically achieved zero loan operation, but many commercial banks still actively come to seek cooperation; In terms of foreign trade, from competing for customers in the past to picking customers now, Ouyi has become bigger and stronger, eliminating the destabilizing factors brought by foreign trade "laolai" to the company; In terms of technology, Ouyi applied for 8 patents in September alone, successfully transitioning from a labor-intensive enterprise to a technology innovation oriented enterprise.
A lion leading a flock of sheep can defeat a flock of lions led by a sheep. Undoubtedly, Wang Huawen is a lion. In the business negotiations with the salesperson of Taiwan's Shangyin Group, Wang Huawen completely took the initiative.
Despite Wang Huawen's lively remarks, customers may feel uneasy when they see crowded factories and densely stacked raw materials: can this Ouyi really produce precision bearings that meet strict foreign requirements? Although the enterprise has already embarked on the fast lane, Wang Huawen's unspoken implication is that land is still a weakness for the development and growth of the enterprise. As the saying goes, 'Success is individual, annihilation is the norm', Wang Huawen, who did not want to be annihilated in the commercial world, fell into deep contemplation.
The labor-intensive "puppy economy" once made great contributions to Zhejiang merchants, but now it has brought difficulties in enterprise regulation.
Our company naturally wants to achieve refined management, but without more land, it will be even more difficult for Ouyi to turn around and expand its business, which will also encounter bottlenecks. "Wang Huawen has not made any efforts. In Lishui, known as the "hometown of joint bearings", out of the 80 acres of undeveloped land in the Fuling area jointly applied for by 9 enterprises of the Bearing Association, Ouyi has also obtained 8 acres. However, the land development in the Fuling area is difficult to meet the current needs of the enterprise. When Ouyi's employees enter the new factory house, it is unknown what year and month it was.
Who will continue the corporate capital chain?
Although the vast majority of enterprises in Lishui do not face the serious financial difficulties of private enterprises in Wenzhou, they also clearly feel that loans are difficult. In order to alleviate the financial difficulties faced by small and medium-sized enterprises, the State Council has issued a series of policies to increase credit and tax support for these enterprises, and has set a tone of targeted easing of credit for these enterprises.
But even so, can we solve the practical difficulties faced by enterprises?
Banks only add icing on the cake and rarely provide timely assistance
Wu Qingqi, Deputy General Manager of Zhejiang Yisheng Fungi Development Co., Ltd., is currently organizing raw material stocking for the enterprise's warehouse. In October, a large number of Ganoderma lucidum were launched. Enterprises will follow the market and even face a 30% price hike in Lingzhi, they will have to forcefully buy out the supply because they have missed this year's acquisition period and can only wait for another year. If Ganoderma lucidum is to suffer from diseases and pests this year, even if the enterprise has its own production base, it will still have no harvest. Therefore, we need to purchase at high prices from other places. This is when we, the pharmaceutical enterprises that use traditional Chinese medicine for medicine, need the most funds
Wu Qingqi introduced that in order to ensure the funding chain, Yisheng joined the banner of Industrial and Commercial Bank of China
Photographed by our reporter Guan Wei, intern journalist Dai Xinlu
Land restricts the development space of Ouyi Company.
The employment gap in enterprises has become a common phenomenon.
It is a fact that the cost of raw materials is difficult to control.
Difficulty in financing makes it difficult for enterprises to make a big cake.
The "Online Loan Connect" business under. The bank's 10 million yuan funds are reasonably allocated by enterprises to help them acquire Ganoderma lucidum in a timely manner, establish production bases, and prevent diseases and pests.
"But these funds are far from enough. It takes us more than two years to establish a production base (the same land produces glossy ganoderma every two years), and it requires a lot of money to make fixed assets investment. The base construction in Suichang and Longquan alone costs 10 million yuan. The money from the bank is far from meeting the needs of Yisheng." Wu Qingqi believes that many small and medium-sized enterprises in Lishui also have the same problem and need to grow, We must receive full support from banks, but most bank loans are just icing on the cake and rarely provide timely assistance. He hopes that banks can change their mindset of making money from companies and instead work together to make money, share risks, and boldly lend, especially to technology companies.
The Tongcheng Foundry in Jinyun County is a high energy consuming enterprise that is currently renting someone else's factory. Although leading in terms of efficiency in the same industry, this company needs its own factory too much, otherwise its future development will inevitably be daunting. However, if it wants to build a factory, it must borrow money.
Our company has long wanted to borrow from banks, but state-owned banks do not pay attention to small enterprises like ours, and the interest rates of small banks are surprisingly high. "Wang Yuanping, the general manager of Tongcheng Foundry, used an exaggerated tone to describe the interest rate of one-third for small commercial banks as simply working for the bank.
We are all engaged in foreign trade OEM products, producing steering pumps for well-known foreign car brands Land Rover and Mercedes Benz. The profit margin is below 10 points, and the majority of the profit is earned by foreign trade companies and foreign enterprises. Without money to build factories, the enterprise is not big enough, so we can only continue to make wedding clothes for foreigners and earn some sewing money, "Wang Yuanping said helplessly.
Difficulty in controlling raw material costs
Entering Lishui Ouke Artificial Board Co., Ltd., it seems that the enterprise is in the bleak atmosphere of early winter. Our company is a resource-based enterprise, and the rise in prices of raw materials such as wood has had a significant impact on us. Previously, high-quality wood was priced at 500 yuan per ton, but this year it is priced at 600 yuan per ton. Other raw materials such as formaldehyde have increased from 1400 yuan per ton to 1600 yuan per ton, and the prices of urea and other raw materials have also increased, and labor costs are the same. Deputy General Manager Yang Weizhong complained that the increase in raw material prices has already put great pressure on the company's operations, Now the market has fallen into a cold winter again.
Under the influence of national regulation of the real estate market, people's consumption of housing decoration has shrunk, which is transmitted to the upstream of the industrial chain. The demand for furniture factories and decoration materials that require wood has sharply decreased, and once products remain unsold, it has an impact on prices. The biggest challenge that Oco currently faces is sales issues. Yang Weizhong looked at the cement road that led into the factory entrance and said, 'In the past, there was a bustling market, and the road was filled with large trucks transporting wood.'; Nowadays, there are few houses on the road, and only the withered leaves that have fallen from landscape trees are heartbreaking. The salespeople of Ouke Company can only guarantee an annual production capacity of 1.78 million cubic meters while traveling all over China. Sales are basically breakeven, and equipment imported from Germany is often in a semi operational state.
No one is an island that can take care of itself. Everyone is a part of the continent, a whole. In the macro situation of "Xiongba Global", the choice of Ouke Company naturally wants to follow the path of "throttling" as much as possible, and then consider the method of "open source" when the market improves. Ouke has already invested its capital in places such as Lu'an and Bozhou in Anhui, opening factories, recruiting employees, reducing timber purchase and transportation costs, and reasonably controlling labor costs. Only by controlling costs can sales prices have room for maneuver.
The employment gap is an internal injury to the enterprise
Li Zhiguo, the General Affairs Minister of Zhejiang Jiali Industrial Co., Ltd., recently embarked on a recruitment journey to Yunnan. Previously, he had successfully recruited more than 20 employees from Pu'er City, Yunnan.
As one of the top labor enterprises in Lishui Economic Development Zone, Jiali Industry, with over 1000 employees, stands out in the manufacturing industry of Lishui by producing car headlights. It is one of the leading backbone enterprises in the industrial industry of Lishui City.
But even during the peak season of gold and silver production, there is still a shortage of as many as a hundred people, accounting for 10% of the total employment of the enterprise. "Li Zhiguo, the general affairs minister, put aside all other business to recruit and focused on becoming the" Director of the Recruitment Office ".
In Li Zhiguo's view, the geographical disadvantage of Lishui determines that Jiali cannot smoothly recruit workers like enterprises in Wenzhou and Ningbo, and must go to the countryside and "recruit soldiers and buy horses" on its own.
At first, Li Zhiguo recruited workers through the labor department in counties and cities closer to Lishui, such as Wencheng and Qingyuan. However, the interest and loyalty of local migrant workers to enterprises are not high, and the phenomenon of leaving within six months often occurs.
Jiali had no choice but to extend his recruitment radius, and central provinces such as Hunan and Hubei also left behind the footprints of Lao Li's recruitment. However, it is often a job fair where companies sit down and return empty-handed, wasting manpower and resources in vain.
In order to discover the prince, you must kiss countless frogs. Li Zhiguo "kissed" countless frogs and finally found his "prince" in Pu'er City, Yunnan. For our company, having more than 20 employees is a great medicine to save orders. "Li Zhiguo is very proud of the pie he successfully found in Yunnan Province, and he said it is a reward for his hard work and deep involvement in rural areas. But the internal injury of the enterprise is very serious, and the employment gap has been around a hundred people. This will be a key guarantee of the enterprise's efficiency, and he will continue to strive for it.
There is a German movie called 'Laura, run!' that was well made. It's about a girl named Laura who frequently returns to the origin of time, chooses different ways, fails repeatedly, and ultimately completes the task within the same period of time. Li Zhiguo is undoubtedly this Luo La.
Li Zhiguo's recruitment process was very arduous, and in the next 20 days, he will embark on a journey, carry his luggage, and enter the southwestern border of China.